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Mortgage Loan - Mortgage Rates
In the olden days, in Europe, a mortgage was a legal
document wherein the borrower hypothecated the land that he owned to the lender
for obtaining a loan of money. The use of the land remained with the borrower
but the title or ownership of the land is transferred to the lender if there is
default in redemption of loan or on the borrower’s death.
In the USA the term mortgage loans is used for loans
taken on home properties wherein the borrower purchases the land and house, or a
flat from a developer of property on deferred payment basis, using the house
property as collateral till the amount of loan is fully redeemed. The borrower
retains the use of house while the title of the property is with the lender
until the full repayment of the loan amount with interest.
Mortgage loans are a major method of business
finance in the USA. Mortgages are commercial paper which can be conveyed and
freely assigned to any other legal entity like a banking company. The US
government has created and developed systems and organizations to foster
construction of homes, and individual ownership of homes, by mortgage lending.
The popular terms Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae are the names given
to three such institutions Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae),
the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and the Government
National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) which is the biggest organizations in
the mortgage lending business.
These organizations buy large number of
mortgage loans from
the banks and issue their “mortgage backed bonds’ at a lower rate of interest to
investors, which are commonly termed as Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS). The
banks are able to relent the money for their banking activities thus able to do
more banking business than they could have done with their deposits. The
investors get better returns from the low risk MBS than the returns from other
type of bonds. The ordinary American is able to purchase a home from these
mortgage systems fulfilling an essential necessity and a dream.
A Mortgagor is required to furnish the following
information and documents at the time of obtaining the home loan and mortgage.
Credit Report
1003 — Uniform Residential Loan Application
1004 — Uniform Residential Appraisal Report
1005 — Verification Of Employment (VOE)
1006 — Verification Of Deposit (VOD)
1007 — Single Family Comparable Rent Schedule
1008 — Transmittal Summary
Copy of deed of current home
Federal income tax records for last two years
Verification of Mortgage (VOM) or Verification of Payment
(VOP)
Borrower's Authorization
Purchase Sales Agreement
1084A and 1084B (Self-Employed Income Analysis) and 1088
(Comparative Income Analysis) - used if borrower is self-employed. The Freddie
Mac ‘loan Prospector’ and the Fannie Mae ‘Desktop Underwritee’ are very useful
document and method of obtaining a mortgage loan.
Mortgage Loans are long term borrowings. The
mortgager needs to take adequate precautions as predatory mortgage lenders are
always around, but there are many schemes available to alter or amend the terms
of payment of the mortgage loans to allow the ordinary American to own his home
and hearth.
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